A Publication of Institute of Global Cultural Studies (IGCS) Binghamton University. Translated by Muhammad Legenhausen & Azim Sarvidalir. This series entitled Studies in Contemporary Philosophical Theology, focuses on philosophical theology in purely philosophical as well as in monotheistic and other religious traditions. Misbah encouraged many of his students to study in the West and to take seriously scientific and logical thought as practiced in the West. Also, although much of Misbah's work has been on Mulla Sadra, he has been far from uncritical of the latter. In particular he criticizes the notion of prime matter, which Mullah Sadra identifies as the pure potentiality for existents. He questions the principle that a potentiality for existents exists prior to existents themselves, after all. there is nothing but existents. Misbah argues further that many relations are not truly essences. P/B pgs. 568